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This image from June 20, 2013, at 11:15 p.m. EDT shows the bright light of a solar flare on the left side of the sun and an eruption of solar material shooting through the sun’s atmosphere, called a prominence eruption.  (Source: NASA/Goddard/SDO)
Astronomy

400-Year-Old Solar Mystery Could Soon be Solved

Researchers have discovered that the sun’s magnetic field originates close to its surface i.e. about 20,000 miles below the sun’s surface. This finding contradicts previous theories, which suggest the phenomenon has deep origins — beginning more than 130,000 miles below the sun’s surface.

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Galleries

Metabolism is the “beating heart of the cell”. New research from Elsi retraces the history of metabolism from the primordial Earth to the modern day (left to right). The history of compound discovery over time (white line) is cyclic, almost resembling an EKG. (Source: Nasa's Goddard Space Flight Center/ Francis Reddy/ Nasa/ ESA)
Life's Origins

Scientists Reveal Ancient Biochemical Pathways that Bridged Geochemistry and Life

Scientists have uncovered a multibillion-year epic in life's chemistry, demonstrating that just a few “forgotten” biochemical reactions can transform simple geochemical compounds into the complex molecules of life. By modeling the stepwise development of metabolism, they discovered that modifying just eight reactions could overcome the ATP dependency bottleneck, bridging the gap between geochemistry and biochemistry.

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The Hone lab at Columbia Engineering created over 100 identical graphene samples with their oxygen-free chemical vapor deposition method. (Source: Jacob Amontree & Christian Cupo, Columbia University)
Graphene Manufacturing

Breakthrough Method Cleans Up Graphene Production for Industrial Scale

Engineers at Columbia University, along with colleagues from the University of Montreal and the National Institute of Standards and Technology, have developed an oxygen-free chemical vapor deposition (OF-CVD) method to produce high-quality graphene at scale. This advancement paves the way for the large-scale production of graphene, promising transformative applications in electronics, energy storage, sensors, and biomedical devices.

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