German China
Complex sugar molecules control the formation of perineuronal nets (shown here in green) that surround neurons to help stabilize connections in the brain. (Source: Linda Hsieh-Wilson’s lab)
Neuroscience

Sugars Affect ‘Plasticity’ in Brain

Scientists have revealed that sulfate groups on complex sugar molecules called glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) affect ‘plasticity’ in the brains of mice and that finding out how these GAGs function could help in understanding how memory and learning work in humans. It can also provide ways to repair neural connectivity after injuries.

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Providers on the topic

Antarctic meteorite (HUT 18036) partially in the ice, in contrast to most samples that are collected while lying on the surface. Meteorite collected by the Lost Meteorites of Antarctica project. (Source: Katherine Joy, The University of Manchester, The Lost Meteorites of Antarctica project.)
Lost Time Capsules

Climate Change Threatens Antarctic Meteorites

Using artificial intelligence, satellite observations, and climate model projections, a team of researchers from Switzerland and Belgium calculate that for every tenth of a degree of increase in global air temperature, an average of nearly 9000 meteorites disappear from the surface of the ice sheet. This loss has major implications.

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Galleries

Medaka, a small freshwater fish from Japan, is used in evolutionary research in the lab of University of Utah biologist Jamie Gagnon. (Source: Brian Maffly)
Organ Regeneration

How Zebrafish Heal Damaged Cardiac Tissue

University of Utah biologists have uncovered intriguing differences in heart regeneration between zebrafish, which can heal its own heart, and medaka, which cannot. Their research reveals unique immune responses and cellular interactions that could inform future treatments for human heart patients.

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Reconstruction of a local cluster of neurons in the human neocortex (Source: Charité/ Sabine Grosser)
Neural Architecture

Study Decodes Wiring of the Human Neocortex

Contrary to previous assumptions, nerve cells in the human neocortex are wired differently than in mice. A study found that human neurons communicate in one direction, while in mice, signals tend to flow in loops. This increases the efficiency and capacity of the human brain to process information.

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