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Particles of the H1N1 influenza virus. (Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI))
Germany: Immunology

Crucial Role of Receptor in Defensive Response to Influenza

When influenza viruses enter our body, the immune system recognises them as being foreign by means of various receptors and starts a defence programme.Scientists of the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) in Braunschweig and of the Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg recently studied the detailed role of a certain receptor in this first line of defence. They discovered that the receptor activates natural killer cells, which use messenger substances to activate other immune cells and then eliminate body cells that are infected by viruses.

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Fig. 1: The bacterial target cells are purified and separated from the sample matrix in a microfluidic disposable cartridge by means of a magnetic field (cutout). (rqmicro)
Flow Cytometry

Quantifying Legionella in Shorter Time

Identifying the source of infection is essential for taking action in outbreaks of Legionnaire's disease. The combination of immunomagnetic separation and flow cytometry delivers precise results in less than two hours and knows virtually no limits to the variety of applications.

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The board game Go was long considered to be a bastion reserved for human players due to its complexity. Nowadays, however, the world’s best players no longer have any chance of winning against the “Alpha Go” software.  (Stones-go / Chad Miller - Flickr: pente / CC BY-SA 2.0)
Chemical Synthesis

Alpha Go Software as a Tool for Retrosyntheses

The board game Go was long considered to be a bastion reserved for human players due to its complexity. Nowadays, however, the world’s best players no longer have any chance of winning against the “Alpha Go” software. Researchers at the University of Münster have now demonstrated that the recipe for the success of this software can be put to excellent use to plan chemical syntheses. The study has been published in the current issue of the “Nature” journal.

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Fig. 1: Scientists from the Federal German Institute for Risk Assessment and Consumer Safety have analysed healthy risks by tattoo removal using laser radiation. (Gerstel/Fotolia - Africa Studio [M]_Scheer)
Pyrolysis GC/MS

Tattoo Ink: A Closer Look

Tattoo removal using laser radiation can carry health risks depending on the breakdown products formed. Scientists have now shown that pyrolysis GC/MS can be used to simulate the breakdown process and determine the compounds formed from a given ink during laser treatment. Phthalocyanine blue (B15:3), for example, was shown to form a cell poison in the process.

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