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Fig. 1: Scientists from the Federal German Institute for Risk Assessment and Consumer Safety have analysed healthy risks by tattoo removal using laser radiation. (Gerstel/Fotolia - Africa Studio [M]_Scheer)
Pyrolysis GC/MS

Tattoo Ink: A Closer Look

Tattoo removal using laser radiation can carry health risks depending on the breakdown products formed. Scientists have now shown that pyrolysis GC/MS can be used to simulate the breakdown process and determine the compounds formed from a given ink during laser treatment. Phthalocyanine blue (B15:3), for example, was shown to form a cell poison in the process.

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Fig. 1 When a weapon was last fired and whether it was involved in a crime, can be determined by gunshot residues. (© Bjoern Wylezich – stock.adobe.com)
Determining if and when a handgun has been fired

Gunshot Residue Dating

To clarify whether and when a handgun was fired, forensic scientists search for and analyze Gunshot Residue (GSR) deposits. One highly interesting aspect of GSR is the presence of volatile organic chemical residues, which can offer clues as to when a weapon was fired. An innovative extraction technique based on Headspace Sorptive Extraction (HSSE) and Gerstel Twister has now been shown to extract additional information from spent cartridges.

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